When people think of parasites, they often picture frightening organisms that steal nutrients and cause serious disease. In truth, parasites have been a threat to human health for thousands of years. Even today, nearly 2 billion people worldwide are infected annually, with hundreds of thousands of deaths reported.

Thanks to improved sanitation, many countries — including Vietnam — have controlled the spread of several parasitic diseases. Still, the risk of infection in everyday life remains. Surprisingly, some of the vegetables we commonly eat are considered “parasite hotspots”, especially when eaten raw or undercooked.

5 Vegetables That Commonly Harbor Parasites

1. Water Chestnut

Because it grows in swamps and paddy fields, water chestnut is highly susceptible to worms and harmful bacteria. Eating it raw can cause digestive illness, especially in people with weaker stomachs.

2. Water Celery

This plant thrives in damp, muddy environments, which makes it a potential carrier of liver flukes. Consuming it raw increases the risk of diseases that can spread from livestock to humans.

3. Arrowhead

Nutritious as it may be, arrowhead provides an ideal surface for parasites to attach. When eaten undercooked, these organisms can easily enter the body and trigger infections.

4. Water Caltrop

Often eaten raw for its sweet, nutty taste, water caltrop can harbor worms that lead to stomach pain, diarrhea, and even anemia if consumed without proper cooking.

5. Lotus Root

Grown in muddy ponds, lotus root may be contaminated with schistosome eggs and other parasites. Eating it raw allows these organisms to cling to the intestines, potentially causing ulcers, diarrhea, and digestive disorders.

How to Prevent Parasite Infections

• Wash thoroughly: Rinse vegetables under running water, and soak them several times in diluted saltwater or clean water.
• Scrub carefully: Vegetables with grooves or fine hairs should be brushed clean. Peel root vegetables before cooking.
• Cook before eating: Heat destroys parasites. The safest way is to cook vegetables fully rather than eating them raw.
• Be extra cautious with salads: If you enjoy raw vegetables, always select the freshest produce and soak it thoroughly before serving.

Bottom Line

While fresh vegetables are essential for a healthy diet, careless eating habits can turn them into a hidden source of parasites. The golden rule remains simple: cook your food and boil your water. By practicing safe food preparation, you can enjoy your meals without unknowingly “inviting” parasites into your body.