Severe addiction is a disease that takes over people’s minds and bodies. Yet, some people are still seemingly completely normal under the influence of certain substances. For example, people with high-functioning alcoholism are well-known for their ability to live a seemingly normal life despite their addiction. The problem with this form of alcoholism is that people often don’t see its signs.
What is High-Functioning Alcoholism?
High-functioning alcoholism is when someone depends on alcohol but still seems to manage daily life. Despite appearing fine, alcoholism causes long-term brain changes and can lead to personality shifts over time. It’s not easy to quit, and many cases require professional treatment or intervention.
Differences Between Alcoholism and High-Functioning Alcoholism
There’s a key difference between an alcoholic and a high-functioning alcoholic. While both may drink frequently, high-functioning alcoholics can still manage daily responsibilities like work and relationships. Over time, repeated use leads to cravings, higher tolerance, and withdrawal symptoms, even if they seem to function normally on the outside.
Health Risks of the Disease
High-functioning alcoholism poses serious health risks, just like any form of alcoholism—but often with more severe and long-term consequences. It can lead to liver, kidney, and pancreas damage, as well as increase the risk of heart attacks, strokes, and high blood pressure.
Accidents like car crashes and drowning are also more likely. Mentally, it often causes depression, anxiety, and shifts in personality and priorities, which can strain relationships and lead to isolation and deeper emotional struggles.
Common Behaviors and Warning Signs
Although only a professional can diagnose high-functioning alcoholism, several warning signs may reveal the issue. These individuals often deny their drinking problem, avoid conversations about it, or become defensive and dishonest. They might seem well-groomed and responsible, but rely on alcohol to function, often drinking at inappropriate times or needing it to relax or celebrate. Over time, despite appearing to manage life well, their growing dependence becomes increasingly difficult to hide.
Treatment and Support
There are many treatment options and support systems available for people dealing with high-functioning alcoholism and their families. The most effective approach is to address the issue directly but with compassion and without judgment, especially when the person is ready to seek help. Treatments may include detox, therapy, support groups, rehab programs, and medications like acamprosate or disulfiram. Understanding the condition is key to offering real support and potentially saving both relationships and lives.